Emansipasi Perempuan Dalam Membingkai Fiqih Sosial

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Di Indonesia perjuangan emansipasi perempuan penuh dengan dinamika. Bentuk Gerakan maupun penekanan isunya selalu mengalami perubahan. Khusunya tinjauan beberapa dekade terakhir ini, telah muncul kesadaran baru dikalangan intelektual dan aktivitis perempuan bahwa paradigma lama dalam gerakan perempuan perlu ditinjau ulang. Fiqih yang selama ini hanya dipahami sebagai alat membaca untuk mengukur kebenaran ortodoksi (halal,haram), diera modernisasi seperti saat ini perlu memahami fiqih sebagai realitas sosial untuk kemudian mengambil sikap dan tindakan tertentu atas realitas sosial tersebut, konsep ini disebut fiqih sosial. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan penelitian pustaka (library research), yaitu penelitian yang penemuan objeknya dilakukan dengan menggali informasi kepustakaan, khususnya berupa teks yang terdapat pada buku-buku, ensiklopedi, jurnal ilmiyah, website dan dokumen lain. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengkajian dapat disimpulkan : Pertama, perlu adanya kontekstualisasi pemahaman terhadap fiqih, yang selama ini fiqih dijadikan sebatas sebagai madzhab tekstua(qauli), fiqih juga dijadikan sebagai madzhab manhaji(metodologis). Kedua, pemahaman fiqih terhadap perempuan perlu ditinjau ulang khususnya perannya dalam bidang sosial. Ketiga, perempuan memiliki lima peran penting, yaitu sebagai istri, ibu rumah tangga, pendidik, juru dakwah dan penggerak social. Keempat, Pendidikan sebagai akatualisasi nyata dalam memajukan perempuan..

Kata kunci: Emansipasi perempuan, Fiqih sosial

ABSTRACT: In Indonesia, the struggle for women's emancipation is full of dynamics. The form of the movement and the emphasis on its issues are always changing. Especially reviewing the last few decades, a new awareness has emerged among women's intellectuals and activists that the old paradigm in the women's movement needs to be reviewed. Until now, fiqh has only been understood as a reading tool to measure the truth of orthodoxy (halal, haram), in the current era of modernization it is necessary to understand fiqh as a social reality to then take certain attitudes and actions regarding that social reality, this concept is called social fiqh. This research is descriptive qualitative with library research, namely research in which the object is discovered by exploring library information, especially in the form of texts found in books, encyclopedias, scientific journals, websites, and other documents. Based on the results of the research and study, it can be concluded: First, there is a need to contextualize the understanding of fiqh, while fiqh has so far been used only as a textual school of thought (qauli), fiqh has also been used as a manhaji (methodological) school of thought. Second, the understanding of women in jurisprudence needs to be reviewed, especially their role in the social field. Third, women have five important roles, namely as wives, housewives, educators, preachers, and social activists. Fourth, education is a real actualization in advancing women.

Keywords: Women's emancipation, social fiqih