Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI is a high-quality peer-reviewed journal published by Department of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, UIN Siber Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, Indonesia in collaboration with Indonesian Islamic Elementary Education Lecturers Association (Perkumpulan Dosen PGMI Indonesia). Publishing twice a year, in June and October and already have a registration number p-ISSN: 2442-5133 and e-ISSN: 2527-7227. Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI is the leading journal in Islamic educational institutions concerning Islamic elementary education. The journal promotes research and scholarly discussion concerning Islamic Elementary education in Academic disciplines and Institutions, focusing on the advancement of scholarship both formal and non-formal education. Topics might be about curriculum development, teaching and learning, learning methodologies, instructional technologies, teacher competences, and assessments. Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI has been accredited SINTA 2 at October 15th, 2024 by Indonesia Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Kemdikbudristek) of The Republic of Indonesia as an scientific journal in Director Decree (SK Dirjen No. 177/E/KPT/2024) and Certified and effective until 2027. Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI has been indexed by Directory of Open Acces Journals (DOAJ), Science and Technology Index (SINTA), Crossref, Dimensions, BASE, Ministry of Religious Affairs' Reference (MORAREF), Google Scholar, and GARUDA.
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Epistemic Agency in Multimodal Reading: How Primary Learners Construct Knowledge Across Modes
Abstract Reading literacy remains a persistent challenge in many English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts. However, primary EFL learners frequently encounter difficulties in integrating linguistic, visual, spatial, and gestural modalities. This study investigates how primary learners exercise epistemic agency in multimodal reading and construct knowledge across different modes. Utilizing multimodality theory and epistemic agency, the study implemented an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design involving thirty fifth-grade students from Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) 1 Tulang Bawang Barat, Lampung. In Phase 1, a one-group pretest–posttest design measured changes in multimodal comprehension using a validated twenty-item instrument. Results showed significant improvement, with mean scores rising from 61.40 (SD = 8.25) to 74.30 (SD = 7.80), t(29) = 8.52, p < 0.001, and Cohen’s d = 1.56, indicating a large effect. In Phase 2, six students representing varied improvement levels were interviewed and engaged in task-based reflections. Thematic analysis identified five dimensions of epistemic agency: taking initiative, decision-making across modes, justification of understanding, reflection and self-regulation, and collaboration and dialogue. The integration of both phases demonstrated that learners' agentive engagement with multimodal resources underpinned comprehension gains, transforming affordances into strategies for meaning-making. These findings affirm that multimodal pedagogy fosters not only measurable comprehension outcomes but also autonomy, critical thinking, and collaborative engagement. The study recommends embedding multimodal literacy into EFL curricula and providing scaffolds that balance cognitive support with opportunities for agency. Keywords: epistemic agency, knowledge construction, literacy pedagogy, multimodal reading, primary school. Abstrak Literasi membaca tetap menjadi tantangan yang terus-menerus dalam banyak konteks Bahasa Inggris sebagai Bahasa Asing (EFL). Namun, pembelajar EFL tingkat dasar sering menghadapi kesulitan dalam mengintegrasikan modalitas linguistik, visual, spasial, dan gestural. Studi ini menyelidiki bagaimana pembelajar primer menjalankan agensi epistemik dalam membaca multimodal dan membangun pengetahuan di berbagai moda. Dengan memanfaatkan teori multimodalitas dan agensi epistemik, penelitian ini menerapkan desain metode campuran sekuensial eksplanatif yang melibatkan tiga puluh siswa kelas lima dari Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) 1 Tulang Bawang Barat, Lampung. Pada Fase 1, desain pretes-postes satu kelompok mengukur perubahan dalam pemahaman multimodal menggunakan instrumen dua puluh item yang tervalidasi. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan, dengan skor rata-rata meningkat dari 61,40 (SD = 8,25) menjadi 74,30 (SD = 7,80), t(29) = 8,52, p < 0,001, dan Cohen's d = 1,56, yang menunjukkan efek yang besar. Pada Fase 2, enam siswa yang mewakili berbagai tingkat peningkatan diwawancarai dan dilibatkan dalam refleksi berbasis tugas. Analisis tematik mengidentifikasi lima dimensi agensi epistemik: mengambil inisiatif, pengambilan keputusan lintas moda, pembenaran pemahaman, refleksi dan pengaturan diri, serta kolaborasi dan dialog. Integrasi kedua fase menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan agen pembelajar dengan sumber daya multimoda mendukung perolehan pemahaman, mengubah affordance menjadi strategi untuk pembuatan makna. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pedagogi multimoda tidak hanya mendorong hasil pemahaman yang terukur tetapi juga otonomi, pemikiran kritis, dan keterlibatan kolaboratif. Studi ini merekomendasikan penanaman literasi multimodal ke dalam kurikulum EFL dan menyediakan perancah yang menyeimbangkan dukungan kognitif dengan peluang untuk agensi. Kata kunci: agensi epistemik, konstruksi pengetahuan, pedagogi literasi, membaca multimodal, sekolah dasar.
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Social Adjustment among in-School Adolescents with Learning Disabilities: Do Parental Socioeconomic Status and Peer Influence Play Any Role?
Abstract Social adjustment, a crucial aspect of everyone’s life, is needed to cope with one’s engagement with others in society and overall social life. However, reports have shown that many in-school adolescents, particularly in Oyo State secondary schools, exhibit poor social adjustment. Therefore, this study investigated the predictive influence of parental socioeconomic status and peer influence on the social adjustment of in-school adolescents with learning disabilities. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design of the correlational type. The multistage sampling procedure was used. The three Senatorial Districts in Oyo State were enumerated. Twenty-seven public senior secondary schools (three from each local government area) were randomly selected. The Screening Inventory for Learning Disabilities was adopted to identify 452 in-school adolescents with learning disabilities. The instruments used were Peer Influence (r=0.76), Parental Socioeconomic Status (r=0.73), and Social Adjustment (r=0.92) scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson product moment correlation at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that there was a significant relationship between peer influence and social adjustment (r=0.46) as well as between parental socioeconomic status and social adjustment (r=0.27) of in-school adolescents with learning disabilities. Based on the findings, the researchers made some recommendations for relevant stakeholders. However, the study calls for special educators and stakeholders to identify and support students with learning disabilities early, in order to enhance their social skills and long-term well-being. Keywords: adolescents’ social engagements, learning disabilities, peer influence, socio-economic status of parents. Abstrak Penyesuaian sosial, aspek penting dari kehidupan setiap orang, diperlukan untuk mengatasi keterlibatan seseorang dengan orang lain dalam masyarakat dan kehidupan sosial secara keseluruhan. Namun, laporan telah menunjukkan bahwa banyak remaja di sekolah, khususnya di sekolah menengah Oyo State, menunjukkan penyesuaian sosial yang buruk. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menyelidiki pengaruh prediktif status sosial ekonomi orang tua dan pengaruh teman sebaya pada penyesuaian sosial remaja di sekolah dengan disabilitas belajar. Penelitian ini mengadopsi desain penelitian survei deskriptif dari jenis korelasional. Prosedur pengambilan sampel multitahap digunakan. Tiga Distrik Senatorial di Negara Bagian Oyo dihitung. Dua puluh tujuh sekolah menengah atas negeri (tiga dari setiap wilayah pemerintah daerah) dipilih secara acak. Inventaris Skrining untuk Disabilitas Belajar diadopsi untuk mengidentifikasi 452 remaja di sekolah dengan disabilitas belajar. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah skala Pengaruh Teman Sebaya (r=0,76), Status Sosial Ekonomi Orang Tua (r=0,73), dan Penyesuaian Sosial (r=0,92). Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan korelasi momen produk Pearson pada tingkat signifikansi 0,05. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pengaruh teman sebaya dan penyesuaian sosial (r=0,46) serta antara status sosial ekonomi orang tua dan penyesuaian sosial (r=0,27) pada remaja di sekolah dengan disabilitas belajar. Berdasarkan temuan ini, para peneliti memberikan beberapa rekomendasi bagi para pemangku kepentingan terkait. Namun, studi ini menghimbau para pendidik khusus dan pemangku kepentingan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendukung siswa dengan disabilitas belajar sejak dini guna meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan kesejahteraan jangka panjang mereka. Kata kunci: keterlibatan sosial remaja, kesulitan belajar, pengaruh teman sebaya, status sosial ekonomi orang tua.
Promoting Religious Moderation through Multicultural Problem-Based Learning: A Study in Elementary Education
Abstract Indonesia is a country with immense diversity in religion, culture, and ethnicity. This diversity serves as both a wealth and a challenge in building a harmonious and tolerant society. In social reality, unmanaged differences could lead to prejudice, discrimination, and even intergroup conflict. The objectives of this study were to examine the effectiveness of multicultural problem-based learning, to identify teachers' perceptions, and to assess the contribution of this approach in fostering a tolerant, inclusive, and diversity-appreciating character in line with religious moderation values in primary education. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, presenting qualitative data gathered from interviews and quantitative data collected through a Google Form questionnaire distributed to elementary school (SD) and Islamic elementary school (MI) teachers in Kuningan Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The findings demonstrated that multicultural problem-based learning was viewed very positively by SD and MI teachers, as it effectively familiarised students with the values of diversity, tolerance, and inclusiveness while strengthening their character and 21st-century skills. This approach was deliberately strategic in promoting religious moderation, attitudes, and building a peaceful and inclusive educational ecosystem. Keywords: multicultural education, problem-based learning, religious moderation attitude. Abstrak Indonesia adalah negara dengan keragaman agama, budaya, dan suku yang sangat besar. Keragaman ini berfungsi sebagai kekayaan sekaligus tantangan dalam membangun masyarakat yang harmonis dan toleran. Dalam realitas sosial, perbedaan yang tidak terkelola dapat menyebabkan prasangka, diskriminasi, dan bahkan konflik antarkelompok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji efektivitas pembelajaran berbasis masalah multikultural, mengidentifikasi persepsi guru, dan mengkaji kontribusi pendekatan ini dalam menumbuhkan karakter yang toleran, inklusif, dan menghargai keragaman yang sejalan dengan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama di pendidikan dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran, menyajikan data kualitatif yang dikumpulkan dari wawancara dan data kuantitatif yang dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner Google Form yang disebarkan kepada guru sekolah dasar (SD) dan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) di Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis masalah multikultural dipandang sangat positif oleh guru SD dan MI, karena secara efektif membiasakan siswa dengan nilai-nilai keragaman, toleransi, dan inklusivitas sekaligus memperkuat karakter dan keterampilan abad ke-21 siswa. Pendekatan ini sengaja dibuat strategis dalam mempromosikan moderasi beragama, sikap, dan membangun ekosistem pendidikan yang damai dan inklusif. Kata kunci: pendidikan multikultural, pembelajaran berbasis masalah, sikap moderasi beragama.
Digital Competence and Teacher Preparedness for Educational Transformation in the Merdeka Curriculum Framework
Abstract This research aims to analyze the digital competency level of teachers at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Cirebon Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The research methodology employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. 49 MI teachers were selected as respondents through random sampling techniques. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to look at quantitative data, and data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing were used to look at qualitative data. Findings show a generally low level of digital competence, with a mean score of 2.28 (SD = 0.86) on a 5-point scale. Most teachers (40.8%) fell into the “Low” category, 30.6% were “Moderate,” and only 4.1% achieved “Very High.” Digital communication had the highest score (M = 2.52), followed by technology use (M = 2.42), digital ethics (M = 2.11), and content creation (M = 2.08). Teachers struggled most with creating digital materials, using online platforms, and understanding digital ethics. Teaching experience (F = 2.49, p = 0.045) and school location (F = 3.26, p = 0.047) showed significant differences, with urban and less-experienced teachers performing better. The regression analysis revealed age, teaching experience, rural location, and prior training as significant predictors, accounting for 43.5% of the variance. There were no differences between the sexes. The implications of this research point to the urgency of implementing programs to enhance teachers' digital competency. More broadly, this research impacts educational policy formulation, curriculum development, and the transformation of Islamic education in facing the digital era. Keywords: digital competency, islamic education, teacher development. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kompetensi digital guru di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) di Kabupaten Cirebon, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran, menggabungkan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. 49 guru MI dipilih sebagai responden melalui teknik pengambilan sampel acak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara mendalam. Statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk melihat data kuantitatif, dan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan digunakan untuk melihat data kualitatif. Temuan menunjukkan tingkat kompetensi digital yang umumnya rendah, dengan skor rata-rata 2,28 (SD = 0,86) pada skala 5 poin. Sebagian besar guru (40,8%) termasuk dalam kategori "Rendah", 30,6% "Sedang," dan hanya 4,1% yang mencapai "Sangat Tinggi." Komunikasi digital memiliki skor tertinggi (M = 2,52), diikuti oleh penggunaan teknologi (M = 2,42), etika digital (M = 2,11), dan pembuatan konten (M = 2,08). Guru paling kesulitan dalam membuat materi digital, menggunakan platform daring, dan memahami etika digital. Pengalaman mengajar (F = 2,49, p = 0,045) dan lokasi sekolah (F = 3,26, p = 0,047) menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan, dengan guru perkotaan dan guru yang kurang berpengalaman menunjukkan kinerja yang lebih baik. Analisis regresi menunjukkan usia, pengalaman mengajar, lokasi pedesaan, dan pelatihan sebelumnya sebagai prediktor signifikan, yang mencakup 43,5% varians. Tidak ada perbedaan antara kedua jenis kelamin. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan urgensi pelaksanaan program untuk meningkatkan kompetensi digital guru. Secara lebih luas, penelitian ini berdampak pada perumusan kebijakan pendidikan, pengembangan kurikulum, dan transformasi pendidikan Islam dalam menghadapi era digital. Kata kunci: kompetensi digital, pendidikan islam, pengembangan guru.
Need Analysis for Developing a Semiotic-Based Augmented Reality Media to Enhance Numeracy Literacy Among Deaf Children
Abstract This study aims to analyze the needs for developing a semiotic-based Augmented Reality (AR) learning medium to enhance numeracy literacy among deaf students. A qualitative descriptive method was employed through open-ended questionnaires and interviews involving teachers at Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri Branjangan, Jember Regency, Indonesia. The findings indicate that although 50% of teachers are familiar with AR technology, all participants expressed a strong need and enthusiasm for its implementation in numeracy instruction. Teachers perceived that the visual, interactive, and semiotic features of AR can transform abstract mathematical concepts into concrete and meaningful learning experiences that align with the visual learning strengths of deaf students. The study also revealed that color, animation, and three-dimensional visualization significantly enhance students’ attention and conceptual understanding. The integration of semiotic principles—icons, indices, and symbols—into AR design enables the representation of mathematical meaning through visual signs that are easily accessible and interpretable. This approach bridges the gap between symbolic understanding and experiential learning in mathematics. The findings highlight the significant potential of AR not only as a technological innovation but also as a semiotic learning environment that supports inclusive education for students with hearing impairments. Moreover, these results provide a theoretical and practical foundation for teacher training programs on the use of AR-based technology in special education contexts. Keywords: augmented reality, deaf learners, inclusive education, numeracy literacy semiotics. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebutuhan pengembangan media pembelajaran Augmented Reality (AR) berbasis semiotik untuk meningkatkan literasi numerasi di kalangan siswa tuna rungu. Metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan melalui kuesioner terbuka dan wawancara yang melibatkan guru di Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri Branjangan, Kabupaten Jember, Indonesia. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun 50% guru familiar dengan teknologi AR, semua peserta menyatakan kebutuhan dan antusiasme yang kuat untuk menggunakan AR dalam pembelajaran numerasi. Guru merasa bahwa fitur visual, interaktif, dan semiotik AR dapat mengubah konsep matematika abstrak menjadi pengalaman konkret dan bermakna yang selaras dengan kekuatan pembelajaran visual siswa tuna rungu. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa warna, animasi, dan visualisasi tiga dimensi secara signifikan meningkatkan perhatian dan pemahaman konseptual. Mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip semiotik ikon, indeks, dan simbol ke dalam desain AR memungkinkan representasi makna matematika melalui tanda-tanda visual yang mudah diakses dan diinterpretasikan. Pendekatan ini menjembatani kesenjangan antara pemahaman simbolik dan pengalaman dalam matematika. Temuan ini mengindikasikan adanya potensi besar untuk mengembangkan dan mengimplementasikan media AR sebagai inovasi teknologi tetapi sebagai lingkungan belajar semiotik yang mendukung pendidikan inklusif bagi siswa dengan gangguan pendengaran sekaligus menjadi dasar bagi pelatihan guru dalam pemanfaatan teknologi berbasis AR di sekolah luar biasa. Kata kunci: augmented reality, siswa tuna rungu, pendidikan inklusif, literasi numerasi, semiotik.
Developing Self-Assessment with Mobile Learning-Based to Improve Learning Achievement of Indonesian Madrasah Competency Assessment at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Abstract The Minimum Competition Assessment (AKM) is a replacement for the existence of the National Examination. AKM is designed to achieve student learning outcomes through cognition, especially related to literacy and numeracy. However, there is still a problem that students experience difficulties in doing AKM or AKMI (Indonesian Madrasah Competency Assessment) questions at school. Therefore, this research provides a solution by developing learning media in the form of a mobile learning-based application using the ADDIE method. The subjects in this study are grade IV students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Jadid Blitar, East java, Indonesia. According to the study's findings, learning experts' validation results are 93%, media experts' validation results are 96%, and material experts' validation results are 98%. According to student learning outcomes, the SIASAT application can improve student learning outcomes; the average pretest score in the control class is 56, and the posttest average score is 79.2. Meanwhile, in the experimental class, the average pretest score was 56, and the posttest average score was 87.8. Meanwhile, based on the calculation of the T-test, a significant value of 0.042 > 0.05 was obtained. This indicates that students can enhance their learning outcomes by using mobile learning-based self-assessment media to deal with AKMI. Keywords: AKMI, madrasah ibtidaiyah students, mobile learning, self-assessment. Abstrak Asesmen Kompetensi Minimal (AKM) merupakan pengganti keberadaan Ujian Nasional. AKM dirancang untuk mencapai capaian pembelajaran siswa melalui kognisi, terutama terkait literasi dan numerasi. Namun, masih terdapat permasalahan yaitu siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam mengerjakan soal-soal AKM atau AKMI (Asesmen Kompetensi Madrasah Indonesia) di sekolah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memberikan solusi dengan mengembangkan media pembelajaran berupa aplikasi berbasis mobile learning dengan metode ADDIE. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Jadid Blitar, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hasil validasi ahli pembelajaran sebesar 93%, hasil validasi ahli media sebesar 96%, dan hasil validasi ahli materi sebesar 98%. Berdasarkan capaian pembelajaran siswa, aplikasi SIASAT dapat meningkatkan capaian pembelajaran siswa; rata-rata skor pretes pada kelas kontrol sebesar 56, dan rata-rata skor postes sebesar 79,2. Sementara itu, pada kelas eksperimen, rata-rata skor pretes adalah 56, dan rata-rata skor postes adalah 87,8. Berdasarkan perhitungan uji-T, diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,042 > 0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan hasil belajarnya dengan menggunakan media asesmen mandiri berbasis pembelajaran seluler untuk menghadapi AKMI. Kata kunci: AKMI, siswa madrasah ibtidaiyah, pembelajaran mobile, penilaian mandiri.
Empowering Mathematical Problem Solving in Elementary Classrooms: Challenges and Opportunities in Society 5.0
Abstract The Society 5.0 era demands the world of education to equip students with critical, creative, and solution-oriented thinking skills in dealing with real problems. This study aims to explore the level of elementary school students' mathematical problem-solving abilities and identify the challenges and opportunities faced by teachers in building these skills in the Society 5.0 era. This study uses a mixed method approach with a sequential explanatory model. Quantitative data were obtained through problem-solving tests given to 60 fifth-grade students from two public elementary schools in Bandung Regency who were selected using stratified random sampling. The results showed that students' problem-solving abilities were in the moderate category (average = 21.6 out of a maximum score of 32), with the highest performance at the "implementing the plan" stage and the lowest at the "re-checking" stage. Qualitative data was obtained through interviews and observations of four mathematics teachers. Thematic analysis revealed challenges in the form of limited time, reflective materials, and the use of technology. However, teachers also saw opportunities through contextual approaches and digital platforms. These results demonstrate the importance of innovative, reflective, and technology-integrated mathematics learning designs to equip students with 21st-century skills. Keywords: problem solving, elementary classrooms, society 5.0. Abstrak Era Society 5.0 menuntut dunia pendidikan untuk membekali peserta didik dengan keterampilan berpikir kritis, kreatif, dan berorientasi solusi dalam menghadapi permasalahan nyata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi tingkat kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa sekolah dasar dan mengidentifikasi tantangan serta peluang yang dihadapi guru dalam membangun keterampilan tersebut di era Society 5.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran dengan model eksplanatori sekuensial. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui tes pemecahan masalah yang diberikan kepada 60 siswa kelas V dari dua sekolah dasar negeri di Kabupaten Bandung yang dipilih menggunakan stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa berada pada kategori sedang (rata-rata = 21,6 dari skor maksimum 32), dengan kinerja tertinggi pada tahap "melaksanakan rencana" dan terendah pada tahap "memeriksa ulang". Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi terhadap empat guru matematika. Analisis tematik mengungkap tantangan berupa keterbatasan waktu, materi reflektif, dan penggunaan teknologi. Namun, guru juga melihat peluang melalui pendekatan kontekstual dan platform digital. Hasil-hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya desain pembelajaran matematika yang inovatif, reflektif, dan terintegrasi dengan teknologi untuk membekali siswa dengan keterampilan abad ke-21. Kata kunci: pemecahan masalah, sekolah dasar, society 5.0.
Development of Math Fun: An Android-Based learning Media Assisted by iSpring for Elementary Mathematics
Abstract The limited availability of mathematics learning media and the growing tendency of students to prefer smartphones over textbooks, presents challenges to the elementary learning process. Furthermore, advances in digital technology also offer opportunities to develop more engaging and interactive instructional media. Therefore, this research sought to design and evaluate a learning application, Math Fun, focused on the topic of two-dimensional (2-D) shapes for fourth-grade elementary students, as well as to assess its feasibility and user responses. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach following the ADDIE instructional design model. Data were collected through observation, interviews, validation questionnaires, user response questionnaires, and a post-learning test. Validation results demonstrated a high level of feasibility, with scores of 89.58% from the material expert, 91.67% from the media expert, and 90% from the IT expert, each categorized as feasible. A limited trial involving 22 fourth-grade students from an elementary school in Garut Regency, West Java yielded a student response rate of 91.43% (excellent) and an average post-test score of 77.14, indicating that the learning objectives were successfully achieved. The findings confirm that Math Fun is a feasible and effective Android-based interactive learning medium for teaching 2-D shapes to fourth-grade elementary students. Keywords: android, mathematics learning media, math fun. Abstrak Keterbatasan ketersediaan media pembelajaran matematika dan meningkatnya kecenderungan siswa yang lebih memilih smartphone daripada buku teks, menghadirkan tantangan bagi proses pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Di samping itu, kemajuan teknologi digital juga menawarkan peluang untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang lebih menarik dan interaktif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berupaya merancang dan mengevaluasi aplikasi pembelajaran, Math Fun, yang berfokus pada topik bentuk dua dimensi (2-D) untuk siswa sekolah dasar kelas empat, serta menilai kelayakannya dan respons pengguna. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Penelitian dan Pengembangan (R&D) mengikuti model desain instruksional ADDIE. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, kuesioner validasi, kuesioner respons pengguna, dan tes pasca-pembelajaran. Hasil validasi menunjukkan tingkat kelayakan yang tinggi, dengan skor 89,58% dari ahli materi, 91,67% dari ahli media, dan 90% dari ahli TI, yang masing-masing dikategorikan layak. Uji coba terbatas yang melibatkan 22 siswa kelas empat SD di Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat menghasilkan tingkat respons siswa sebesar 91,43% (sangat baik) dan skor rata-rata postes sebesar 77,14, yang menunjukkan bahwa tujuan pembelajaran telah tercapai. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa Math Fun merupakan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis Android yang layak dan efektif untuk mengajarkan bangun ruang dua dimensi kepada siswa SD kelas empat. Kata kunci: android, media pembelajaran matematika, math fun.
The Impact of Self-Regulated Learning on the Effectiveness of Digital Learning: A Study on Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Students
Abstract This study aims to examine the effect of self-regulated learning on the effectiveness of digital learning in fifth-grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Pembangunan Jakarta, Indonesia. This study employs a quantitative approach using a survey design and a total sampling technique, which involves 67 fifth-grade students as respondents. Data were collected through a validated Likert scale questionnaire designed to measure self-learning variables and the use of digital learning. Simple linear regression testing was implemented to verify the research hypothesis and identify interconnections among variables. Study findings indicate the presence of a meaningful positive impact between self-directed learning and the effectiveness of digital learning, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.366, indicating that 36.6% of the variance in the use of digital learning can be explained by self-regulated learning abilities, while the remaining 63.4% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. This study concludes that self-regulated learning is an important factor in increasing the effectiveness of digital learning implementation in elementary madrasah students. These findings indicate the importance of developing pedagogical strategies that foster students' self-regulation skills to optimize the integration of digital technology in education environments, especially in madrasah ibtidaiyah. Keywords: digital learning, effectiveness, self regulated learning. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pembelajaran mandiri terhadap efektivitas pembelajaran digital pada siswa kelas V Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Pembangunan Jakarta, Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain survei dan teknik total sampling yang melibatkan 67 siswa kelas V (lima) sebagai responden. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner skala Likert yang telah divalidasi dan dirancang untuk mengukur pembelajaran mandiri dan penggunaan pembelajaran digital. Pengujian regresi linear sederhana diimplementasikan untuk memverifikasi hipotesis riset dan mengidentifikasi keterkaitan antar variabel. Temuan studi mengindikasikan terdapatnya dampak positif yang bermakna antara pembelajaran mandiri dengan efektivitas pembelajaran digital, dengan koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,366, yang menunjukkan bahwa 36,6% varians penggunaan pembelajaran digital dapat dijelaskan oleh kemampuan pembelajaran mandiri, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 63,4% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran mandiri merupakan faktor penting dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran digital pada siswa madrasah ibtidaiyah. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya mengembangkan strategi pedagogis yang menumbuhkan keterampilan pengaturan diri siswa untuk mengoptimalkan integrasi teknologi digital dalam lingkungan pendidikan, khsususnya di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Kata kunci: pembelajaran digital, efektivitas, self regulated learning.
Integrating Palolai Local Wisdom Through Culturally Responsive Teaching in Baubau Elementary Schools
Abstract This study examines the integration of Palolai local wisdom through the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach at elementary schools in Baubau City, Southeast Sulawesi. Using a qualitative ethnographic design, data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation studies, and focus group discussions. Triangulation of sources and methods guaranteed data validity, while data analysis utilized reduction, display, and conclusion techniques. The findings reveal three key outcomes: (1) teachers effectively developed strategies to integrate Palolai wisdom into the independent curriculum via CRT; (2) CRT implementation significantly enhanced student participation in IPAS subjects; and (3) the approach successfully strengthened students' cultural identity within the Baubau community. In conclusion, the CRT approach serves as an effective pedagogical bridge, connecting formal education with local cultural values. The integration of Palolai wisdom not only enriches the curriculum but also fosters both active student engagement and robust cultural identity preservation. This study emphasizes the need to use culturally grounded approaches in education to maintain local heritage while achieving contemporary learning objectives. Keywords: culturally responsive teaching, palolai local wisdom, teacher's role. Abstrak Studi ini mengkaji integrasi kearifan lokal Palolai melalui pendekatan Pengajaran Responsif Budaya (PKB) di sekolah dasar di Kota Baubau, Sulawesi Tenggara. Dengan menggunakan desain etnografi kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, studi dokumentasi, dan diskusi kelompok terfokus. Triangulasi sumber dan metode menjamin validitas data, sementara analisis data menggunakan teknik reduksi, penyajian, dan kesimpulan. Temuan ini mengungkapkan tiga hasil utama: (1) Guru secara efektif mengembangkan strategi untuk mengintegrasikan kearifan Palolai ke dalam kurikulum independen melalui PKB; (2) Implementasi PKB secara signifikan meningkatkan partisipasi siswa dalam mata pelajaran IPAS; dan (3) pendekatan ini berhasil memperkuat identitas budaya siswa dalam komunitas Baubau. Kesimpulannya, pendekatan PKB berfungsi sebagai jembatan pedagogis yang efektif, menghubungkan pendidikan formal dengan nilai-nilai budaya lokal. Integrasi kearifan Palolai tidak hanya memperkaya kurikulum tetapi juga mendorong keterlibatan aktif siswa dan pelestarian identitas budaya yang kuat. Studi ini menekankan perlunya menggunakan pendekatan yang berlandaskan budaya dalam pendidikan untuk melestarikan warisan lokal sekaligus mencapai tujuan pembelajaran kontemporer. Kata kunci: pengajaran responsif budaya, kearifan lokal palolai, peran guru.
The Effect of Cooperative Learning Model on Elementary School Students’ Affective Learning Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis
Abstract This meta-analysis aims to examine the effect of cooperative learning on elementary school students’ affective learning outcomes after the implementation of the cooperative learning model. 40 relevant studies, through online databases, including Google Scholar, DOAJ, ERIC, Springer, Elsevier, and ResearchGate, were identified. Of these, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and provided usable data, yielding 16 artifacts. Data from 16 artifacts, including sample sizes, means, and standard deviations, were collected using descriptive analysis. The data analysis utilized meta-analysis techniques, including effect size calculation, heterogeneity testing, summary effect estimation using a random-effects model, and the assessment of potential publication bias through forest plots. Those analyses utilized JASP software. The results showed that: (1) The effect size (ES) for affective learning outcomes of elementary school students was 77.06, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 73.34 to 81.77. The hypothesis test produced a z value of 0.4035, which is smaller than the critical value (z = 1.96), leading to the acceptance of the null hypothesis (H₀) and the rejection of the alternative hypothesis (Hₐ); (2) Although there is a slight asymmetry in the funnel diagram indicating potential publication bias, the statistically insignificant Egger regression test (z = -0.1078, p = 0.914) supports the robustness of the meta-analysis, which confirms that the cooperative learning model produces moderate to high affective learning outcomes in elementary school students. This finding indicates that although cooperative learning can positively influence students' affective learning outcomes, the observed effect size is not statistically significant at α = 0.05. Thus, it is recommended that future studies refine the design and implementation of cooperative learning strategies to increase their effectiveness and achieve statistically significant improvements in elementary school students' affective learning outcomes. Keywords: affective learning outcomes, cooperative learning, meta-analysis. Abstrak Meta-analisis ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pembelajaran kooperatif terhadap hasil belajar afektif siswa sekolah dasar setelah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif. Sebanyak 40 studi relevan, melalui basis data daring, termasuk Google Scholar, DOAJ, ERIC, Springer, Elsevier, dan ResearchGate, diidentifikasi. Dari jumlah tersebut, 12 studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan menyediakan data yang dapat digunakan, menghasilkan 16 artefak. Data dari 16 artefak, termasuk ukuran sampel, rata-rata, dan deviasi standar, dikumpulkan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Analisis data menggunakan teknik meta-analisis, termasuk perhitungan ukuran efek, pengujian heterogenitas, estimasi efek ringkasan menggunakan model efek acak, dan penilaian potensi bias publikasi melalui plot hutan. Analisis tersebut menggunakan perangkat lunak JASP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Besarnya efek (ES) terhadap hasil belajar afektif siswa sekolah dasar adalah 77,06, dengan interval kepercayaan (CI) 95% berkisar antara 73,34 hingga 81,77. Uji hipotesis menghasilkan nilai z sebesar 0,4035, yang lebih kecil daripada nilai kritis (z = 1,96), sehingga menyebabkan diterimanya hipotesis nol (H₀) dan ditolaknya hipotesis alternatif (Hₐ); (2) Meskipun terdapat sedikit asimetri pada diagram corong yang mengindikasikan potensi bias publikasi, uji regresi Egger yang secara statistik tidak signifikan (z = -0,1078, p = 0,914) mendukung kekokohan meta-analisis, yang menegaskan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif menghasilkan hasil belajar afektif sedang hingga tinggi pada siswa sekolah dasar. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun pembelajaran kooperatif dapat memengaruhi hasil belajar afektif siswa secara positif, besarnya efek yang teramati tidak signifikan secara statistik pada α = 0,05. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar penelitian masa depan menyempurnakan desain dan implementasi strategi pembelajaran kooperatif untuk meningkatkan efektivitasnya dan mencapai peningkatan yang signifikan secara statistik pada hasil belajar afektif siswa sekolah dasar. Kata kunci: hasil pembelajaran afektif, pembelajaran kooperatif, meta-analisis.
Development of AR-based Diorama to Improve Critical Reasoning Dimension and Learning Outcomes of Fourth-Grade Elementary School Students
Abstract This research is motivated by teachers who have not used digital learning media, resulting in low critical reasoning and learning outcomes. The purpose of the research is to develop a design and test the feasibility and effectiveness of augmented reality-based diorama media to improve critical reasoning dimensions and learning outcomes of Pancasila education. This study uses the research and development method, specifically the ADDIE model, to create augmented reality-based diorama media for Pancasila education aimed at fourth-grade students at Public Elementary School (SDN) Kalibanteng Kidul 01 in Semarang City, Central Java. The study found that the media is highly suitable for education, with validation scores of 93.33% from media experts and 98.21% from material experts. The assessment of critical reasoning scored 95.24%. The t-test results supported the hypothesis, showing significant effectiveness with an N-gain score of 0.7901, classifying it as high. Overall, the study concludes that the augmented reality-based diorama media are effective in improving critical reasoning and learning outcomes related to Pancasila principles for these students in class IV, SDN Kalibanteng Kidul 01, Semarang City, Central Java. Keywords: augmented reality, critical reasoning dimension, diorama, learning outcomes. Abstrak Penelitian ini dimotivasi oleh guru yang belum menggunakan media pembelajaran digital, sehingga mengakibatkan rendahnya penalaran kritis dan hasil belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan desain dan menguji kelayakan serta efektivitas media diorama berbasis augmented reality untuk meningkatkan dimensi penalaran kritis dan hasil belajar pendidikan Pancasila. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan, khususnya model ADDIE, untuk menciptakan media diorama berbasis augmented reality untuk pendidikan Pancasila yang ditujukan untuk siswa kelas empat di SDN Kalibanteng Kidul 01 di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Studi ini menemukan bahwa media tersebut sangat cocok untuk pendidikan, dengan skor validasi 93,33% dari pakar media dan 98,21% dari pakar materi. Penilaian penalaran kritis mendapat skor 95,24%. Hasil uji-t mendukung hipotesis, menunjukkan efektivitas yang signifikan dengan skor N-gain 0,7901, yang mengklasifikasikannya sebagai tinggi. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa media diorama berbasis augmented reality efektif dalam meningkatkan penalaran kritis dan hasil belajar terkait prinsip-prinsip Pancasila bagi siswa kelas IV SDN Kalibanteng Kidul 01, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Kata kunci: augmented reality, dimensi bernalar kritis, diorama, hasil belajar.
Exploration of Mathematical Concepts on Interpretation the Principal of Ukhuwah Islamiyah through Autoethnographic Study
Abstract Mathematics is a fundamental science that extends beyond the classroom and plays a crucial role in daily life, including within religious contexts, like the principle of Ukhuwah Islamiyah in Islam. Divergent perspectives often overlook this principle, which aims to unite Muslims, thereby impacting children's understanding of diversity. This study explores how mathematical concepts can be interpreted through the lens of Ukhuwah Islamiyah to reinforce both the principle and mathematical thinking. Using a qualitative method with an autoethnographic approach, the researcher (first author) reflects on personal experiences related to Qur'anic and Hadith teachings. Data were collected through narrative writing, narrative inquiry, document analysis, and expert interviews and validated using trustworthiness and authenticity criteria. The findings highlight various mathematical concepts linked to Ukhuwah Islamiyah, such as numbers and operations, geometry (lines and angles), building nets, and the alignment of lines and angles in congregational prayer. These insights provide a basis for integrating Islamic values into elementary mathematics education, fostering meaningful learning experiences. In conclusion, these mathematical elements provide valuable opportunities for classroom instruction, promoting character development, enhancing mathematical reasoning, and reinforcing the principle of Ukhuwah Islamiyah. Keywords: mathematics education, Islamic teachings, ukhuwah islamiyah. Abstrak Matematika adalah ilmu fundamental yang melampaui ruang kelas dan memainkan peran penting dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, termasuk dalam konteks keagamaan, seperti prinsip Ukhuwah Islamiyah dalam Islam. Perspektif yang berbeda sering mengabaikan prinsip ini, yang bertujuan untuk menyatukan umat Muslim, sehingga memengaruhi pemahaman anak-anak tentang keragaman. Studi ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana konsep matematika dapat diinterpretasikan melalui lensa Ukhuwah Islamiyah untuk memperkuat prinsip dan pemikiran matematis. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan autoetnografi, peneliti (penulis pertama) merefleksikan pengalaman pribadi yang berkaitan dengan ajaran Al-Qur'an dan Hadits. Data dikumpulkan melalui penulisan naratif, penyelidikan naratif, analisis dokumen, dan wawancara ahli, serta divalidasi menggunakan kriteria kepercayaan dan keaslian. Temuan menyoroti berbagai konsep matematika yang terkait dengan Ukhuwah Islamiyah, seperti angka dan operasi, geometri (garis dan sudut), membangun jaring, dan penyelarasan garis dan sudut dalam salat berjamaah. Wawasan ini memberikan dasar untuk mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam pendidikan matematika dasar, sehingga mendorong pengalaman belajar yang bermakna. Kesimpulannya, unsur-unsur matematika ini memberikan peluang berharga untuk pengajaran di kelas, mendorong pengembangan karakter, meningkatkan penalaran matematika, dan memperkuat prinsip Ukhuwah Islamiyah. Kata kunci: pendidikan matematika, ajaran Islam, ukhuwah islamiyah.
Strengthening Cultural Literacy Through Cirebon Folk Tales Incorporating Religious Moderation Values
Abstract The limited integration of local cultural values and religious moderation in elementary education has hindered the development of students’ character and their understanding of diversity. Although Indonesia possesses rich cultural heritage embedded in regional folklore, these stories are often underutilized as pedagogical resources for fostering tolerance, mutual respect, and harmonious interfaith relations. This study aims to describe the condition of cultural literacy in elementary schools, identify Cirebon folk tales that contain religious moderation values, and examine the implementation of cultural literacy strengthening. Using a qualitative descriptive design, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that cultural literacy is inconsistently introduced in schools, that Cirebon folk tales such as Azan Pitu, Klenteng Jamblang, Babad Cirebon, and Nadran contain strong moderation values, and that the strengthening of cultural literacy is implemented through the P3 framework, the School Literacy Movement, and Pancasila Student Profile activities. These results highlight the importance of utilizing local folklore as a culturally grounded medium for cultivating national commitment, tolerance, non-violence, and cultural accommodation among young learners. Keywords: folklore, cultural literacy, religious moderation. Abstrak Integrasi nilai-nilai budaya lokal dan moderasi agama yang terbatas dalam pendidikan dasar telah menghambat perkembangan karakter siswa dan pemahaman mereka terhadap keragaman. Meskipun Indonesia memiliki warisan budaya yang kaya yang tertanam dalam folklore regional, cerita-cerita ini seringkali kurang dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber daya pedagogis untuk menumbuhkan toleransi, saling menghormati, dan hubungan antaragama yang harmonis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kondisi literasi budaya di sekolah dasar, mengidentifikasi dongeng-dongeng Cirebon yang mengandung nilai-nilai moderasi agama, dan mengkaji implementasi penguatan literasi budaya. Dengan desain deskriptif kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa literasi budaya diperkenalkan secara tidak konsisten di sekolah, bahwa dongeng-dongeng Cirebon seperti Azan Pitu, Klenteng Jamblang, Babad Cirebon, dan Nadran mengandung nilai-nilai moderasi yang kuat, serta bahwa penguatan literasi budaya dilaksanakan melalui kerangka kerja P3, Gerakan Literasi Sekolah, dan kegiatan Profil Siswa Pancasila. Hasil ini menyoroti pentingnya memanfaatkan folklore lokal sebagai media yang berakar pada budaya untuk menumbuhkan komitmen nasional, toleransi, non-kekerasan, dan akomodasi budaya di kalangan pelajar muda. Kata kunci: cerita rakyat, literasi budaya, moderasi agama.
The Impact of Academic Service System Management on Enhancing the Quality of Islamic Elementary Teachers
Abstract This study aims to investigate the impact of academic service system management on enhancing teacher quality at Al Ihsan Japura Lor Islamic Elementary School, Cirebon. The study focuses on four indicators of academic service system management (efficiency, accessibility, reliability, and technological innovation), as well as four indicators of quality improvement (student satisfaction, learning effectiveness, accreditation improvement, and productivity). The research method uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 33 teachers. The research instrument is a closed questionnaire with tested validity, which is then analyzed using the Pearson product-moment correlation technique. The results of the study indicate that all indicators of academic service system management have a significant effect on improving teacher quality, with correlation values ranging from 0.87 to 0.93, far exceeding the r table value at a significance level of 5%. This finding confirms that an efficient, accessible, reliable, and innovative academic service management system can improve student satisfaction, learning effectiveness, accreditation quality, and teacher productivity in madrasah. This study provides an important contribution to the development of academic management strategies for improving teacher quality, especially in rural community-based madrasahs. Keywords: academic service management, teacher quality, Islamic elementary school. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki dampak manajemen sistem pelayanan akademik terhadap peningkatan kualitas guru di MI Al Ihsan Japura Lor, Cirebon. Penelitian ini berfokus pada empat indikator manajemen sistem pelayanan akademik (efisiensi, aksesibilitas, keandalan, dan inovasi teknologi), serta empat indikator peningkatan kualitas (kepuasan siswa, efektivitas pembelajaran, peningkatan akreditasi, dan produktivitas). Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel 33 guru. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner tertutup dengan validitas teruji, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik korelasi momen produk Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua indikator manajemen sistem pelayanan akademik memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kualitas guru, dengan nilai korelasi berkisar antara 0,87 hingga 0,93, jauh melebihi nilai r tabel pada tingkat signifikansi 5%. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa sistem manajemen pelayanan akademik yang efisien, mudah diakses, andal, dan inovatif dapat meningkatkan kepuasan siswa, efektivitas pembelajaran, kualitas akreditasi, dan produktivitas guru di madrasah. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi pengembangan strategi manajemen akademik untuk meningkatkan kualitas guru, khususnya di madrasah berbasis komunitas di daerah pedesaan. Kata kunci: manajemen layanan akademik, kualitas guru, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.