Membaca Keturunan Arab di Palembang: Dari Kedatangan Hingga Kini
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24235/tamaddun.v9i1.8174Abstract
Abstract: The existence of Arab descent in Palembang has a long historical path. This study aims to describe the history of the arrival of the Arabs to their present life. To answer this problem, this study uses historical methods (heuristics, interpretation, source criticism and historiography). The results showed that the Arabs in Palembang were dominated by Hadramaut. During the Sultanate of Palembang they had a special position at the Palace as religious advisors to the Sultan and were allowed to establish settlements on land. In the trade sector they control the trade in the micro sector and can carry out economic interactions with the community in the Uluan area. This situation changed after the abolition of the Palembang Sultanate. The Dutch colonial government restricted the economic movements of the Arabs. However, some Arab descendants have good relations with the Dutch so that they are able to survive. Currently they live side by side with ‘wong’ Palembang and other ethnicities. They occupy an area called Kampung Arab. In general, he works as a trader, especially in Pasar 16 Ilir and scholars.
Keywords: Arrived, Arab Descent, Kampung Arab, Palembang
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Abstrak: Keberadaan Keturunan Arab di Palembang memiliki jalan historis yang panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan sejarah kedatangan orang-orang Arab hingga kehidupannya saat ini. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode historis (heuristik, interpretasi, kritik sumber dan historiografi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang-orang Arab di Palembang didominasi dari Hadramaut. Pada masa Kesultanan Palembang mereka memiliki kedudukan istimewa di Istana sebagai penasehat agama Sultan dan diizinkan mendirikan pemukiman di darat. Dalam bidang perdagangan mereka menguasai perdagangan sektor mikro dan dapat melakukan interaksi ekonomi dengan masyarakat di wilayah uluan. Keadaan ini berubah pasca dihapuskannya Kesultanan Palembang. Pemerintah kolonial Belanda membatasi gerak ekonomi orang-orang Arab. Namun demikian beberapa keturunan Arab memiliki hubungan baik dengan Belanda sehingga mampu tetap bertahan. Saat ini mereka hidup berdampingan dengan wong Palembang dan masyarakat dari etnis lain. Mereka menempati wilayah yang disebut Kampung Arab. Secara umum berprofesi sebagai pedagang terutama di Pasar 16 Ilir dan ulama.
Kata Kunci: Kedatangan, Keturunan Arab, Kampung Arab, Palembang
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