RITUALISASI QUR’ANI DALAM TRADISI LOKAL: Transformasi Ruwatan Santri di Desa Kedungasri, Banyuwangi, dalam Perspektif Tindakan Sosial Weberian
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24235/diyaafkar.v13i1.21754Keywords:
ruwatan santri, social action, local Islam, Javanese cultureAbstract
This study examines the process of Qur’anic ritualization within Javanese local tradition by exploring the practice of ruwatan santri in Kedungasri Village, Banyuwangi. This ritual represents a transformation of the classical ruwatan—rooted in wayang narratives and mystical incantations—into a Qur’an-centered practice, while still retaining its Javanese cosmological framework. Employing the living Qur’an approach and Max Weber’s theory of social action, this research analyzes the community’s motivations in performing ruwatan santri, which are classified into traditional, affective, instrumental-rational, and value-rational actions. The findings reveal that ruwatan santri is perceived as: (1) an act of preserving cultural heritage; (2) a means of seeking divine blessing and inner peace; and (3) a religious instrument to ward off misfortune. In this context, the Qur’an is positioned not merely as a normative text, but as a living spiritual entity embedded in socio-cultural practices. This study highlights that Islamization at the local level unfolds through a dialogical and integrative process between sacred text and tradition, producing a distinctive form of Islamic expression. Its scholarly novelty lies in integrating Weberian social theory with living Qur’an studies in analyzing Islamic rituals within non-Arab Muslim societies.
Penelitian ini mengkaji proses ritualisasi al-Qur’an dalam tradisi lokal Jawa dengan menelaah praktik ruwatan santri di Desa Kedungasri, Banyuwangi. Tradisi ini merupakan transformasi dari ritual ruwatan yang berakar pada narasi pewayangan dan mantera mistik menjadi praktik religius berbasis bacaan al-Qur’an, tanpa meninggalkan kerangka kosmologi Jawa. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan living Qur’an dan teori tindakan sosial Max Weber, penelitian ini menganalisis motivasi masyarakat dalam melaksanakan ruwatan santri, yang diklasifikasikan ke dalam tindakan tradisional, afektif, rasional-instrumental, dan rasional-nilai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ruwatan santri dipahami sebagai: (1) bentuk pelestarian budaya warisan; (2) upaya pencarian keberkahan dan ketenangan batin; serta (3) instrumen religius untuk menolak bala. Dalam konteks ini, al-Qur’an diposisikan bukan sekadar teks normatif, melainkan entitas spiritual yang hidup dalam praktik sosial budaya masyarakat. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa Islamisasi di tingkat lokal berlangsung melalui proses integratif yang dialogis antara teks suci dan tradisi, sehingga menghadirkan bentuk ekspresi keislaman yang khas. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi analisis Weberian dengan studi living Qur’an dalam membaca dinamika ritual Islam di masyarakat non-Arab.
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