Screening for Plagiarism

All manuscripts submitted to this journal are screened for plagiarism to ensure the originality of the content. The journal is committed to upholding academic integrity and preventing unethical publishing practices.

1. Plagiarism Detection

The journal uses plagiarism detection software such as Turnitin and/or iThenticate to check all submitted manuscripts.

2. Similarity Threshold

• Manuscripts with a similarity index of more than 20–25% (excluding references and properly cited quotations) may be returned to the authors for revision or rejected.
• High similarity in critical sections (e.g., results, discussion) may lead to immediate rejection.

3. Types of Plagiarism

The journal strictly prohibits:

• Direct plagiarism (copying text without proper citation)
• Self-plagiarism (reusing previously published work without acknowledgment)
• Mosaic plagiarism (paraphrasing without proper attribution)
• Data or figure plagiarism

4. Editorial Action

• If plagiarism is detected during the initial screening, the manuscript may be rejected (desk reject).
• If plagiarism is identified during the review process, the manuscript may be rejected and returned to the author.
• If plagiarism is discovered after publication, the article may be retracted in accordance with ethical guidelines.

5. Author Responsibility

Authors are responsible for ensuring that their manuscripts are original and properly cite all sources. Authors are encouraged to check their manuscripts using plagiarism detection tools before submission.