POLA PENALARAN DALAM KARANGAN ARGUMENTASI PADA SISWA TAHAP OPERASI FORMAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24235/ileal.v3i1.1570Keywords:
pattern of reasoning, argumentation, students, formal operation phaseAbstract
Penalaran adalah proses berpikir yang sistematik dan logis untuk memperoleh sebuah simpulan. Tujuan penelitian ini dalah untuk menemukan dan mendeskripsikan pola argumen dalam karangan argumentasi siswa tahap operasi formal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan model analisis dari Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu pola penalaran argumen siswa tahap operasi formal terdiri atas lima pola penalaran argumen dengan beberapa variasi bentukan. Pola yang digunakan siswa tahap operasi formal tidak terpaku pada jenjang sekolah. Pola yang paling sederhana, yakni pola (C-G) ternyata masih digunakan oleh siswa tahap operasi formal jenjang SMA. Begitu pula pada pola yang paling kompleks, yakni pola (C-G-W-B-MQ-PR) ternyata sudah mulai digunakan oleh siswa tahap operasi formal awal yaitu jenjang SMP. Hasil temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pada tahap operasi formal, daya pikir siswa sudah sangat kreatif dan variatif.
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Reasoning is a systematic and logical process of thinking to derive a conclusion. The purpose of this study is to find and describe the pattern of arguments in the student's argumentation of the formal operation phase. This research is a qualitative research with analysis model from Miles and Huberman. The result of this research is the reasoning pattern of students' argument of formal operation stage consists of five argument reasoning pattern with some formation variation. The pattern used by students in the formal operation phase is glued to the school level. The simplest pattern, while the pattern (C-G) was still used by students of the formal operation stage of senior high school. Similarly, in the most complex pattern, the pattern (C-G-W-B-MQ-PR) was already started to be used by the students of the formal operation phase of junior high school. These findings indicate that in the formal operation phase, students' thinking power has been very creative and varied.
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