Crosslinguistic Lexical Recognition: How Filipino Learners Comprehend Indonesian Vocabulary Through Form-Meaning Similarity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24235/ileal.v12i1.25180Keywords:
BIPA, cognitive linguistics, crosslinguistics influence, semantic, word recognitionAbstract
This study examined crosslinguistic aspects based on lexical similarities to support Indonesian vocabulary comprehension among BIPA learners in the Philippines. Through the lens of cognitive linguistics, particularly cognates and semantic domain theory, this research investigates how Tagalog speakers identify linguistic forms and meanings when reading Indonesian texts. Using a mixed-methods approach, the data in this study were analyzed in depth. By employing action research, the data were obtained naturally, reflecting the real situations that occurred during the learning process. This approach involved several data collection protocols, such as reading tests, translation tasks, and vocabulary-sorting activities with ten beginner-level Filipino BIPA learners (BIPA 1). The results show that Filipino BIPA learners could recognize Indonesian vocabulary items in the given texts without a dictionary. The analysis revealed three main categories successfully recognized: (1) true cognates such as lima, rabu, and anak; (2) false cognates such as makan, rumah, and teman, which created potential interference; and (3) English loanwords such as novel, spesial, and klasik.. Furthermore, the semantic domains most commonly recognized by learners were numerals and nouns, while the least recognized domain was complex verbal vocabulary (verbs with affixation). These findings confirm that the linguistic relationship between Indonesian-Tagalog and English loanwords have positive impact on learners’ lexical recognition ability, but it also requires appropriate pedagogical strategies to address negative interference. The implications of this study highlight the importance of developing BIPA teaching materials based on cognate awareness to maximize positive transfer while minimizing errors in language comprehension.
Pengenalan Leksikal Lintas Bahasa: Bagaimana Pembelajar Bahasa Filipina Memahami Kosakata Bahasa Indonesia Melalui Persamaan Bentuk dan Makna
Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji aspek lintas bahasa berdasarkan kesamaan leksikal dalam mendukung penguasaan kosakata bahasa Indonesia pada pembelajar BIPA di Filipina. Dengan menggunakan perspektif linguistik kognitif, khususnya teori kognat dan domain semantik. Penelitian ini menyelidiki bagaimana penutur Tagalog mengidentifikasi bentuk dan makna bahasa ketika membaca teks bahasa Indonesia. Melalui metode bauran, data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis secara mendalam. Dengan penggunaan penelitian tindakan kelas, data diperoleh secara alami sehingga mencerminkan situasi nyata yang terjadi selama proses pembelajaran di kelas. Pendekatan ini melibatkan beberapa protokol pengumpulan data, seperti tes membaca, tugas penerjemahan, dan aktivitas pengelompokan kosakata yang diberikan kepada sepuluh pemelajar BIPA tingkat pemula (BIPA 1) di Filipina. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajar BIPA asal Filipina mampu mengenali kosakata bahasa Indonesia dari teks yang diberikan tanpa bantuan kamus. Analisis data mengungkapkan tiga kategori kosakata yang berhasil direkognisi: (1) kognat sejati seperti lima, rabu, dan anak; (2) kognat semu seperti makan, rumah, dan teman, yang berpotensi menimbulkan interferensi; dan (3) serapan bahasa Inggris seperti novel, spesial, dan klasik. Selain itu, domain semantis yang paling sering dikenali oleh pembelajar adalah numeralia dan nomina, sedangkan domain yang paling jarang dikenali adalah kosakata verbal kompleks (verba berafiks). Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa hubungan kekerabatan bahasa antara Indonesia dan Tagalog serta kosakata serapan dari bahasa Inggris berdampak positif terhadap kemampuan penguasaan leksikal pemelajar. Strategi pedagogis yang tepat dibutuhkan untuk mengatasi interferensi negatif. Implikasi penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya pengembangan bahan ajar BIPA yang berbasis pada kesadaran kognat agar dapat memaksimalkan transfer positif sekaligus meminimalkan kesalahan dalam pemahaman bahasa.
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Data Availability Statement
The data supporting the findings of this study, including the recount text, the participants’ vocabulary annotations, the follow-up quiz results, and the coded word lists, are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. To protect participants’ privacy, all data are anonymized and shared for academic purposes only.
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