Language Quality

Authors should carefully review grammar, spelling, punctuation, vocabulary, sentence structure, coherence, and overall readability before submitting a manuscript. The language should be clear, accurate, and appropriate for academic publication.

Editing and Proofreading

Authors may use professional English-language editing or proofreading services when necessary to improve linguistic accuracy, clarity, consistency, and readability before submission.

Author Responsibility

Language editing does not replace the author's responsibility for the accuracy, originality, scholarly content, research arguments, data interpretation, and conclusions presented in the manuscript.

Language Editing Recommendation

Authors, particularly those who are not native English speakers, are encouraged to have their manuscripts reviewed by a qualified English-language editor or a proficient English speaker before submission.