Mystery Scoop Transactions in Digital Marketplaces: An Islamic Commercial Law Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24235/jm.v11i2.23989Keywords:
DSN-MUI Fatwa, Fiqh al-Muʿāmalāt, Gharar, Mystery Scoop, Online TransactionAbstract
Mystery Scoop has emerged as a randomized sales mechanism on digital marketplaces in which buyers select and pay for a package before the specific goods are determined. This mechanism raises questions under Islamic commercial law because material characteristics of the transaction object may remain uncertain when the agreement is made. This study employs a qualitative descriptive design with a normative legal approach. Data were obtained through documentary research, non-participant digital observation of Mystery Scoop practices on Shopee and related promotional content, and literature concerning fiqh al-muʿāmalāt and DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 146/DSN-MUI/XII/2021. The findings show that the specific items are determined randomly after payment, while their type, quantity, quality, and economic value may remain insufficiently ascertainable beforehand. Such material uncertainty may constitute gharar and may also weaken the effective exercise of khiyār. Potential tadlīs, ghishsh, and tanājush/najsh, however, cannot be inferred solely from randomization and require evidence of specific seller conduct. The study argues that randomization is not inherently incompatible with Sharia when its scope is clearly bounded. A Sharia-compliant Mystery Scoop model should integrate pre-contract disclosure, bounded randomization, and post-transaction protection through khiyār and accessible complaint mechanisms, thereby preserving the element of surprise while strengthening transparency, informed consent, and buyer protection.
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