Authorship Criteria

Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah is committed to maintaining transparency, accountability, and integrity in scholarly authorship. This policy establishes the criteria for recognizing authors, determining author contributions, managing authorship changes, and preventing unethical authorship practices.

The policy applies to all manuscripts submitted to Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah.

1. Policy Statement

Authorship represents both academic recognition and responsibility for the integrity of scholarly research. Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah adopts authorship principles consistent with the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).

All individuals identified as authors must have made substantial intellectual contributions to the manuscript and must accept responsibility for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the published work.

Authorship decisions must be based on actual scholarly contributions rather than academic position, institutional affiliation, professional status, or personal relationships.

2. Contribution Requirements

To qualify for authorship, an individual must meet all four of the following criteria:

2.1. Substantial Contribution

The individual must have made a substantial contribution to the conception or design of the research, or to the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of research data and materials.

For normative legal research, substantial contributions may include developing legal arguments, analyzing legislation, interpreting judicial decisions, examining Islamic legal sources, or constructing theoretical frameworks.

2.2. Manuscript Writing and Critical Revision

The individual must have participated in drafting the manuscript or critically revising it for important intellectual content.

Contributions limited to proofreading, language editing, formatting, or administrative assistance do not independently qualify an individual for authorship.

2.3. Final Approval

The individual must have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript before submission and publication.

All authors must agree to the manuscript's content and its submission to the journal.

2.4. Accountability

The individual must agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work and cooperate in addressing questions concerning the accuracy, originality, or integrity of the research.

All authors must be able to identify their own contributions and recognize the responsibilities of their co-authors.

Individuals who do not meet all four criteria should be acknowledged as contributors rather than listed as authors.

3. Composition of the Authorship Team

Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah welcomes scholarly collaboration among researchers from different institutions, countries, academic disciplines, and professional backgrounds.

The journal encourages interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research involving Islamic economic law, Islamic finance, commercial law, business law, legal theory, Islamic jurisprudence, and related fields.

International research collaboration is encouraged to strengthen the academic quality, comparative perspectives, and global relevance of published research.

Manuscripts are evaluated based on their originality, academic merit, methodological rigor, and relevance to the journal's scope, regardless of the number of authors, their nationality, or institutional affiliation.

The journal accepts normative, empirical, and interdisciplinary legal research, provided that the research methods are clearly explained and appropriately implemented.

For empirical research involving interviews, observations, or field documentation, authors must accurately disclose their respective roles in data collection, analysis, and interpretation.

4. Author Identity and Affiliation

All authors must provide accurate and complete identification information during manuscript submission.

The following requirements apply:

Full Name: Authors must provide their full names without academic degrees, professional titles, or institutional positions.
Institutional Affiliation: Each author must identify their institutional affiliation, including the institution's official name, city, and country.
Email Address: Each author must provide a valid email address for academic correspondence.
ORCID iD: Authors are encouraged to provide their ORCID iD to support accurate identification and scholarly attribution.
Corresponding Author: One author must be designated as the corresponding author and provide valid contact information for communication with the editorial office.

Institutional affiliations should reflect the authors' actual institutional relationships and use official institutional names consistently recognized in academic publications.

Authors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy of all submitted identification and affiliation information.

5. Author Order

The order of authors must reflect their respective intellectual contributions to the research and manuscript preparation.

The first author is generally the individual who has made the most substantial contribution to the research and manuscript development.

All authors must discuss and agree upon the authorship order before submitting the manuscript.

The corresponding author is responsible for confirming that all co-authors have approved the authorship order and agreed to the submission.

Any disagreement concerning authorship order should be resolved among the authors and, where necessary, through their affiliated institutions.

The journal does not determine authorship order based on academic rank, institutional authority, or personal relationships.

6. Contributors Who Are Not Authors

Individuals or organizations that have supported the research but do not meet all four authorship criteria must be recognized in the Acknowledgements section.

Such contributions may include administrative assistance, technical support, research funding, language editing, data collection assistance, institutional facilitation, or other forms of support that do not independently qualify for authorship.

The Acknowledgements section should accurately identify the individuals, institutions, or funding organizations that contributed to the research.

Authors are responsible for obtaining appropriate permission from individuals named in the Acknowledgements section.

Acknowledgment must not be used to conceal substantial intellectual contributions that qualify an individual for authorship.

7. Prohibited Authorship Practices

Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah strictly prohibits unethical authorship practices that misrepresent scholarly contributions.

The following practices are considered unacceptable:

7.1. Gift Authorship

Gift authorship occurs when an individual is listed as an author as a gesture of gratitude, respect, or personal favor despite not meeting the required authorship criteria.

7.2. Guest Authorship

Guest authorship occurs when a prominent researcher, academic leader, or influential individual is included as an author primarily to increase the manuscript's credibility or likelihood of acceptance without making a qualifying intellectual contribution.

7.3. Ghost Authorship

Ghost authorship occurs when an individual who has made a substantial intellectual contribution to the research or manuscript is intentionally excluded from the author list.

7.4. Authorship Manipulation

Authorship manipulation includes adding, removing, or rearranging authors for inappropriate purposes, including institutional pressure, personal advantage, or attempts to influence editorial decisions.

Suspected violations of authorship ethics will be evaluated in accordance with the journal's Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement, particularly its provisions concerning allegations of research misconduct.

Depending on the circumstances, confirmed violations may result in manuscript rejection, requests for correction, institutional notification, or other appropriate editorial actions.

8. Changes to the List of Authors

Any request to add, remove, or rearrange authors after manuscript submission must be submitted formally to the editorial office.

The request must include:

A written explanation describing the reasons for the proposed authorship change.
Written agreement from all existing authors.
Written consent from any author being added or removed.
An updated authorship contribution statement, where applicable.

The Editor-in-Chief will evaluate the request and may seek additional clarification or supporting documentation.

Authorship changes will not be approved when there is insufficient justification, unresolved disagreement, or evidence of unethical authorship practices.

Requests made after publication will be assessed in accordance with relevant COPE guidance and may require a formal correction notice.

9. Authors' Contribution Statement

Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah encourages transparent reporting of individual author contributions using the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT).

Authors should clearly identify their respective contributions to the research and manuscript preparation.

Relevant contribution categories may include conceptualization, methodology, investigation, data curation, formal analysis, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition.

An example of an authors' contribution statement is provided below:

Authors' Contributions:

Ahmad Fauzi: Conceptualization, methodology, legal analysis, and writing—original draft.

Maria Lestari: Investigation, data collection, formal analysis, and writing—review and editing.

Hasan Abdullah: Supervision, validation, and critical revision of the manuscript.

All authors must confirm that the contribution statement accurately reflects their respective roles in the research.

The identification of individual contributions does not replace the requirement that every listed author meet the journal's authorship criteria.

10. Editors and Reviewers as Authors

Editors, Editorial Board members, and peer reviewers may submit manuscripts to Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, provided that the editorial process remains independent, transparent, and free from conflicts of interest.

The following principles apply:

Manuscripts submitted by editors or Editorial Board members must undergo the same editorial screening and peer-review procedures as other submissions.
Editors who are authors or co-authors of a manuscript must not participate in its editorial evaluation, reviewer selection, or publication decision.
Such manuscripts must be assigned to an independent editor who has no relevant conflict of interest.
Peer reviewers must not review manuscripts in which they have personal, professional, financial, or institutional conflicts of interest.
Editorial positions must not provide preferential treatment or influence publication decisions.

All manuscripts must be evaluated according to their scholarly merit, originality, methodological quality, and compliance with the journal's publication policies.

11. Artificial Intelligence and Authorship

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, including generative AI systems and large language models, cannot be recognized as authors or co-authors of manuscripts submitted to Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah.

AI systems cannot independently approve a manuscript, accept responsibility for research integrity, or fulfill the accountability requirements of scholarly authorship.

Authors remain fully responsible for the originality, accuracy, reliability, and integrity of all manuscript content, including materials developed with the assistance of AI tools.

The use of AI tools in manuscript preparation must be disclosed when such tools make a substantive contribution to the research or writing process.

Authors should identify the AI tools used, explain their purposes, and describe the extent of their involvement where relevant.

AI-generated references, quotations, legal interpretations, and research findings must be carefully verified against reliable and authentic sources.

The use of AI does not exempt authors from complying with the journal's policies on plagiarism, research misconduct, data integrity, confidentiality, and publication ethics.

12. Related Policies and Guidelines

This Authorship Criteria policy should be read together with the following editorial policies of Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah: